What Does Article 7:672 of the Dutch Civil Code Say?
Article 7:672 of the Dutch Civil Code sets the notice periods for terminating an employment contract. Notice runs to the end of a month, the employer must observe one to four months depending on how long the contract has lasted, and the employee one month. The article also limits how these periods can be changed and sets the compensation owed when notice is given to too early a date.
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What Is the Text of Article 7:672?
English translation (unofficial, by the Dutch Law Institute):
1 Notice is given to the end of the month, unless another day has been designated for it by written agreement or by custom.
2 The notice period to be observed by the employer is, for an employment contract that on the day notice is given:
- a. has lasted less than five years: one month;
- b. has lasted five years or longer, but less than ten years: two months;
- c. has lasted ten years or longer, but less than fifteen years: three months;
- d. has lasted fifteen years or longer: four months.
3 By way of derogation from paragraph 2, the notice period to be observed by the employer is one month if the employee has reached the age referred to in Article 7(a) of the General Old Age Pensions Act.
4 The notice period to be observed by the employee is one month.
5 If the amount of work has not been fixed, the notice period to be observed by the employee is, by way of derogation from paragraph 4, the period referred to in Article 628a(2) and (4), or four days if the position has been designated under Article 628a(11). Paragraph 1 does not apply.
6 If the permission referred to in Article 671a(1) or (2) has been granted, the notice period to be observed by the employer is shortened by the duration of the period that begins on the date on which the complete request for permission was received and ends on the date of the decision on the request, provided that a period of at least one month remains.
7 The period referred to in paragraph 2 or paragraph 3 may only be shortened by collective labour agreement or by a regulation by or on behalf of a competent administrative body. The period may be extended in writing.
8 The period referred to in paragraph 4 may be departed from in writing. If extended, the notice period for the employee may not be longer than six months and for the employer not shorter than twice that for the employee.
9 By collective labour agreement or by a regulation by or on behalf of a competent administrative body, the notice period for the employer referred to in the second sentence of paragraph 8 may be shortened, provided that it is not shorter than that for the employee.
10 For the purposes of paragraph 2, employment contracts are deemed to form one and the same uninterrupted employment contract in the event of reinstatement of the employment contract under Article 682 or Article 683.
11 The party that gives notice to an earlier day than applies between the parties owes the other party compensation equal to the amount of the wages fixed in money for the period during which the employment contract should have continued had notice been given properly.
12 The subdistrict court may reduce the compensation referred to in paragraph 11 if it considers this fair in view of the circumstances, provided that the compensation cannot be less than the wages fixed in money for the notice period referred to in paragraph 2, nor less than the wages fixed in money for three months.
Dutch text (Burgerlijk Wetboek Book 7, article 672):
1 Opzegging geschiedt tegen het einde van de maand, tenzij bij schriftelijke overeenkomst of door het gebruik een andere dag daarvoor is aangewezen.
2 De door de werkgever in acht te nemen termijn van opzegging bedraagt bij een arbeidsovereenkomst die op de dag van opzegging:
- a. korter dan vijf jaar heeft geduurd: één maand;
- b. vijf jaar of langer, maar korter dan tien jaar heeft geduurd: twee maanden;
- c. tien jaar of langer, maar korter dan vijftien jaar heeft geduurd: drie maanden;
- d. vijftien jaar of langer heeft geduurd: vier maanden.
3 In afwijking van lid 2 bedraagt de door de werkgever in acht te nemen termijn van opzegging één maand indien de werknemer de in artikel 7, onderdeel a, van de Algemene Ouderdomswet bedoelde leeftijd heeft bereikt.
4 De door de werknemer in acht te nemen termijn van opzegging bedraagt één maand.
5 Indien de omvang van de arbeid niet is vastgelegd, bedraagt de door de werknemer in acht te nemen termijn van opzegging, in afwijking van lid 4, de termijn, bedoeld in artikel 628a, leden 2 en 4 , of vier dagen, indien het een functie betreft die is aangewezen op grond van artikel 628a, lid 11. Lid 1 is niet van toepassing.
6 Indien de toestemming, bedoeld in artikel 671a, lid 1 of lid 2 , is verleend, wordt de door de werkgever in acht te nemen termijn van opzegging verkort met de duur van de periode die aanvangt op de datum waarop het volledige verzoek om toestemming is ontvangen en eindigt op de datum van dagtekening van de beslissing op het verzoek om toestemming, met dien verstande dat een termijn van ten minste een maand resteert.
7 De termijn, bedoeld in lid 2 of lid 3, kan slechts worden verkort bij collectieve arbeidsovereenkomst of bij regeling door of namens een daartoe bevoegd bestuursorgaan. De termijn kan schriftelijk worden verlengd.
8 Van de termijn, bedoeld in lid 4, kan schriftelijk worden afgeweken. De termijn van opzegging voor de werknemer mag bij verlenging niet langer zijn dan zes maanden en voor de werkgever niet korter dan het dubbele van die voor de werknemer.
9 Bij collectieve arbeidsovereenkomst of bij regeling door of namens een daartoe bevoegd bestuursorgaan, mag de termijn van opzegging, bedoeld in lid 8, tweede volzin, voor de werkgever worden verkort, mits de termijn niet korter is dan die voor de werknemer.
10 Voor de toepassing van lid 2 worden arbeidsovereenkomsten geacht eenzelfde, niet onderbroken arbeidsovereenkomst te vormen in geval van herstel van de arbeidsovereenkomst ingevolge artikel 682 of artikel 683 .
11 De partij die opzegt tegen een eerdere dag dan tussen partijen geldt, is aan de wederpartij een vergoeding verschuldigd gelijk aan het bedrag van het in geld vastgestelde loon over de termijn dat de arbeidsovereenkomst bij regelmatige opzegging had behoren voort te duren.
12 De kantonrechter kan de vergoeding, bedoeld in het lid 11, matigen indien hem dit met het oog op de omstandigheden billijk voorkomt, met dien verstande dat de vergoeding niet minder kan bedragen dan het in geld vastgestelde loon over de opzegtermijn, bedoeld in lid 2, noch minder dan het in geld vastgestelde loon voor drie maanden.
Dutch text as in force from 1 July 2026, taken from wetten.overheid.nl, the official source of Dutch legislation. The English translation is not official; in case of doubt the Dutch text prevails.
What Does Article 7:672 Mean?
Article 7:672 answers two questions for every termination by notice: to which date notice can be given, and how long in advance. It applies whenever an employment contract is terminated by notice, whether by the employer (after UWV permission, with the employee's written consent, or at pension age) or by the employee. It does not apply to a summary dismissal, which ends the contract immediately, or to a termination during a valid probation period.
Notice is given to the end of a calendar month, unless another day has been agreed in writing or follows from custom (paragraph 1).
How Long Is the Employer's Notice Period?
The employer's statutory period depends on how long the contract has lasted on the day notice is given (paragraph 2):
- less than 5 years: 1 month;
- 5 years or more, but less than 10: 2 months;
- 10 years or more, but less than 15: 3 months;
- 15 years or more: 4 months.
If the employee has reached state pension age, the employer's period is one month regardless of length of service (paragraph 3). If the contract was reinstated by a court under Article 7:682 or 7:683, the periods before and after count as one contract (paragraph 10).
Where the employer dismisses with permission from UWV, the time the UWV procedure took is deducted from the notice period, but at least one month must remain (paragraph 6).
How Long Is the Employee's Notice Period?
The employee's statutory period is one month, regardless of length of service (paragraph 4). For an employee whose amount of work has not been fixed, such as an on-call worker, the notice period is the call-up period of Article 7:628a, normally four days, and notice does not have to run to the end of a month (paragraph 5).
Can the Notice Periods Be Changed?
The rules are asymmetrical and protect the employee:
- The employer's period can be extended in writing, but shortened only by collective labour agreement or a regulation by a competent public body (paragraph 7).
- The employee's period can be changed in writing. If it is extended, it may not exceed six months, and the employer's period must then be at least twice as long (paragraph 8).
- A collective labour agreement may shorten the employer's period in that last situation, but not below the employee's (paragraph 9).
What If Notice Is Given to Too Early a Date?
Notice given to too early a date still ends the contract, but the party that gave it owes the other the wages for the period the contract should have continued (paragraph 11). This is often called the fixed compensation (gefixeerde schadevergoeding). The subdistrict court can reduce it if that is fair, but not below the wages for the statutory notice period of paragraph 2, nor below three months' wages (paragraph 12). A claim must be brought within two months after the contract ended (Article 7:686a(4)(a)).
For how the notice period fits into the dismissal procedure as a whole, see the guide to termination of employment in the Netherlands.
Does the Notice Period Matter When a Court Dissolves the Contract?
Yes, indirectly. When the subdistrict court dissolves a permanent contract at the employer's request, it sets the end date at the moment the contract would have ended with regular notice. The time between the court receiving the request and its decision is deducted, provided at least one month remains, unless the dissolution results from seriously culpable conduct by the employer (Article 7:671b of the Dutch Civil Code (9)(a)). The notice periods of Article 7:672 therefore also shape the end date in court proceedings.
How Does Article 7:672 Work in Practice?
An employee resigns. An employee with a one-month statutory notice period gives notice on 10 March. Notice runs to the end of the month, so the contract ends on 30 April, not on 10 April.
An employer gives notice after UWV permission. The employee has been employed for seven years, so the employer's notice period is two months. The UWV procedure took five weeks. Deducting five weeks from two months would leave less than one month, so the statutory minimum of one month applies.
A longer contractual period. The contract sets the employee's notice period at two months. That is allowed in writing, but the employer's period must then be at least four months, twice the employee's, unless a collective labour agreement provides otherwise within the limits of paragraph 9.
Related Provisions and Guides
Related articles in this library:
- Article 7:640a of the Dutch Civil Code: Expiry of statutory holiday entitlement
Further reading on dutch-law.com:
- notice periods in the Netherlands
- termination of employment in the Netherlands
- the fictitious notice period
All articles: the Dutch Civil Code in English.